Reading Notes on Gropper: Behavioral Approach to Instructional Design

Summary of readings from Instructional Theories In Action, edited by Charles M. Reigeluth.

Chapter three a lesson Based on a behavioral approach to instructional design by George L. Gropper.

Practice three approaches: routine treatments, shaping treatments, and specialized treatments.

Four categories of objectives: read calling or applying facts; giving definitions and explanations, applying them to examples, or illustrating them with examples; following procedural rules; solving problems.

Underlying components skills: discriminations, generalizations, associations, and chains. [ page 51].

Page 52:

Routine treatments:

• providing a cue that elicits desired responses; how to file procedures, how to define a concept war classify an instance of the concept, how to explain phenomena.
• Providing examples of performance
• Providing opportunities to practice

Non-routine treatments [ shaping and specialized]

• The size of the unit behavior practised
• The amount of cueing made available during practice
• The mode of stimulus or response
• The frequency and variety of practice
• The content of practice

Other organizational strategies

• Advanced organizers
• Self instruction

Display of information

• Directing attention
• Characterizing lesson content

Sequencing

• “Sequence” as facilitator
• Sequencing Of prerequisites

Lesson preface

• The instructional objectives
• The performance requirements
• Classify
• Define
• Predict
• Explain
• State from memory significant events
• Applied learning to new situation
• Target audience
• Lesson description
• Testing
• Annotations
• Reader introductions
• The conditions
• What the learner has to do
• Procedures
• Transfer of learning
• Treatments
• Model performance
• Address problem through practice
• Characteristics of correct outcomes
• Practice without cues
• Practised routine in new situation
• Itemized comments
• Learning hints

The Wiki Workshop

The online workshop is evolving daily. Today, I removed project dates and added Project 5, about women in history/unsung/silenced. My goal is to populate each project with enrichment resources, including scholarly writing (usually not available in thelocal public library), media & internet links, and other sources to augment participants' choices--with they will synthesize into our collaborative discussions. Also embedded in these workshops are technology lessons--I hope to introduce other tools beyond the wiki, for participants to explore on their own, and share learnings with the group. Other postings on this blog--under other topics (such as reading) will supply theoretical background that inform my strategies and decisions will be discussed as this workshop develops.
Today, I subscribed to the wiki for a year for some features (such as no ads)...this workshop may evolve into other projects, so will give it a try and make the investment.
Membership has grown, so now there are five of us, (including my faculty mentor and myself), and hope to grow even more--this week.
Tomorrow offers an opportunity to meet, face-to-face, with prior invitees and field any question or concerns. I will also provide a written invitation/handout that clarifies learning objectives and some inital guidance on how the wiki experience works. I will post the handout next visit.

Back to work!
How many web accounts do you have and how many passwords? Time to simplify a bit, maybe?
I just re-acquainted myself with this, my blog, so am happy to continue the learning process, including linking Blog to Wiki.
There is a certain comfort level to be achieved here, as learning enhances how I populate the created space for ideas, reflections, and knowledge constructions.

Knowledge, Learning & Teaching

Knowledge, Learning & Teaching
Just a quick note to myself and others--if you value your time, write posts and save on computer--then copy and paste.
This results in fewer tears when the internet link suddenly resets in the middle of a session! Been there, done that :(

Substance Abuse and RN: My first posting with Yolanda

Substance Abuse and RN: My first posting with Yolanda

Michael:

I am interested in the reflections on the readings that you are making. I look forward to "read" you.

YG

Knowledge, Learning & Teaching: Readings

Knowledge, Learning & Teaching: Readings
D:

Your post on September 3 is a very nice example of the struggles that any individual, regardless age or level of expertise, faces while learning new competencies. The reward is being successful as you nicely expressed it. Good progress! Congratulations!

Y

Readings

Reflections on readings: Technology, Learning, Related Theories.
Online learning and where I am today--how does this affect my development of an online course?
Knowing where my e-compentencies are today--what I believed about myself and what is true about what I know--more than I thought!
Now comes the discovery of where my self-talk concerning online and communication technologies has brought me. I have been reading, so will post...interesting I stepped away from the blog the first time I had an unsuccesful experience of pasting my bibliography from a word document here.
The question is: why did I run away? What's wrong with the "help" button?
I woke up one recent morning with the idea in mind that I need some mentorship in the blog.
So stay tuned.
I am also learning how to set up a wiki. At first this was overwhelming--where to start.
What I did? I started with a real problem that I need to solve--getting a local learning cluster to communicate and participate and meet in the cyber and/or real worlds.
Take a look at http://nwelc.wikispaces.com
My next step is to invite the cluster and see what happens. I am hoping that a more visually-oriented and local web connection will excite some interest.
After starting that I felt more confident in beginning to set up my wiki for the upcoming online workshop on women and technology...
You can find it at http://klting.wikispaces.com
The comfort level improves...
Next post will actually discuss some readings and theory.